That is important to treat the tumor and cancer during early stage. This is because it may spread to the lymph nodes and to the lungs, liver, brain and bones. Usually the first treatment option for all cases of testicular tumor whatever the stage is surgical to remove the affected testicle. There are several treatments for testicular tumor:

Orchidectomy

Surgical for removal testicle is called Orchidectomy. It is necessary to remove the whole testicles for those have testicular tumor because only removing the tumor may lead the cancer spreading. Other than that, by removing the entire testicle the chances of a full recovery are greatly improved and sex life and ability to father children will not be affected.

Having both testicles removed will also stop producing a testosterone which means the men will not be able to achieve or maintain an erection. The testosterone replacement therapy is where the patient is given a synthetic version of the testosterone hormone to compensate for the fact that testicles will no longer produce the natural version. Other than that, testosterone is usually given either as injection or skin paths. This injection must take every two to three weeks.

The testosterone replacement therapy has a side effect such as oily skin, enlargement and swelling of breast or having a problem to passing urine.

Lymph node surgery

Lymph nodes are part of the body’s immune system which helps to protect it against illness and infection. There are two types of lymph node surgery such as nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection and laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.

• Nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.

  This surgery is new and increasingly being used because it carries a lower risk of causing retrograde ejaculation and infertility. This treatment is limited to a much smaller area. The advantage of limiting the site of the operation is that there is less chance of nerve damage occurring. The disadvantage is that the surgery is more technically demanding.

• Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection

  Laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is a new type of surgery that can be used to remove lymph node. During this treatment, the surgeon will make a number of small incision (cuts) in abdomen. Then, special instrument called an endoscope is inserted into one of the incision. An endoscope is a thin, long, flexible tube that has a light source and a video camera at one end, enabling images of the inside of body to be relayed to an external television monitor.

  The advantage of this treatment is that there is less post-operative pain and a faster recovery time.

Radiotherapy

Radiotherapy uses high-energy beams of radiation to help destroy tumor cell. If testicular tumor has spread to lymph nodes, patients may require radiotherapy after a course of chemotherapy. The side effect is diarrhea, fatigue, nausea and reddening and soreness of the skin and which is similar to sunburn.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is treatment uses medicine to kill the malignant cell in body or stop them multiplying. If have advanced testicular tumor or it has spread within body and may require chemotherapy. It is used to help prevent the tumor returning. Chemotherapy is most commonly used to treat non-seminoma tumor. This treatment are usually injected or given orally. The side effect are vomiting, hair loss, nausea, sore mouth, loss of appetite, fatigue, breathlessness, skin that bleeds or bruises easily.

TESTICULAR TUMOR TREATMENT

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